NON-JUDICIAL PUNISHMENT (NJP) - ARMY

ARTICLE 15 IN THE ARMY: WHAT IT MEANS, HOW IT WORKS, AND HOW TO FIGHT IT

In the Army, commanders use Article 15 to handle certain offenses without going to court. The process follows Army Regulation 27-10 and the Manual for Courts-Martial, specifically Part V. If a soldier’s conduct is considered minor, NJP becomes an option instead of referring the case to a court-martial.

This page focuses exclusively on how Article 15 works in the Army—not as a general UCMJ provision, but in the real-world context of Army command, structure, and enforcement.

HOW ARTICLE 15 IS APPLIED IN THE ARMY

Army commanders use Regulation 27-10 and the Manual for Courts-Martial to handle Article 15 actions. When they decide a soldier’s offense doesn’t warrant a court-martial, they have the option to address it through non-judicial punishment within the unit.

Army commanders have wide discretion to:

Determine whether the offense qualifies as "minor"
Decide which level of NJP to pursue (summarized, company, or field grade)
Decide whether the evidence supports the allegation
Choose the type and severity of punishment

What counts as a “minor offense” in the Army? It depends. Late to formation? Maybe. Misuse of government property? Possibly. Insubordination during an argument? Often. It’s not a list—it’s a judgment call. And that’s why representation matters.

ARMY NJP STRUCTURE: FIELD GRADE VS. COMPANY GRADE

In the Army, the type of punishment you might receive depends on your commander’s rank and the authority level of the NJP.

Type	Imposed By	Possible Penalties (E4 and below)
Summarized	Company Commander	14 days restriction, extra duty, oral reprimand
Company Grade	O-3 (Captain)	14 days restriction, 14 days extra duty, 7 days forfeiture, 1 rank reduction
Field Grade	O-4 (Major) and above	60 days restriction, 45 days extra duty, ½ pay x 2 months, 1 or more rank reductions

If you are E5 or above, the rules for rank reduction are different. A field grade Article 15 can still reduce your rank, but only one grade—and only if your current grade is promotable.

WHAT RIGHTS DOES A SOLDIER HAVE DURING AN ARTICLE 15 IN THE ARMY?

Before any Article 15 hearing begins, the soldier must be:

Given written notice of the charges
Offered the opportunity to consult with a defense counsel
Advised of their rights under Article 31
Allowed to review the evidence
Given a chance to accept or refuse NJP
Informed of the maximum possible punishment

If the soldier accepts NJP, the commander will hold a hearing. You may:

Appear in person
Submit written statements
Call witnesses or present documents
Speak directly or through your counsel

If you refuse NJP, the commander may choose to drop the matter or forward it for trial by court-martial. It is a calculated decision—and a strategic one.

WHAT MAKES ARMY ARTICLE 15 CASES UNIQUE?

1. Documentation matters.
The Army is paper-heavy. Everything from sworn statements to counseling packets can become part of your NJP file—and later, part of your separation board file. A misplaced form or an unclear 4856 can alter the outcome.

2. Command influence is real.
In some units, a field grade NJP is practically automatic after a certain type of misconduct. The culture around punishment varies by unit, post, and leadership style.

3. Evaluations are shaped here.
Even if you avoid rank loss, the Article 15 can still lead to negative performance comments, flagged status, or denial of reenlistment.

APPEALING AN ARMY ARTICLE 15 DECISION

Soldiers in the Army have the right to appeal within five calendar days after punishment is imposed.

Appeals are submitted to the next higher commander and must include:

A written justification
Evidence that the finding was unjust or the punishment excessive
Any rights violations or procedural flaws

Appeals are often dismissed when they’re emotional or vague. They’re more successful when drafted carefully—with supporting regulation, timeline accuracy, and documented inconsistencies. A military defense attorney can help you do it right.

IS THERE A TIME LIMIT FOR ARTICLE 15 ACTIONS?

Yes. Under Article 43(c) of the UCMJ, NJP may not be imposed more than two years after the alleged offense. However, exceptions apply—particularly if the soldier was absent without leave, detained by civilian authorities, or evading command.

This two-year clock can stop and restart depending on the facts of the case. Knowing how to interpret that timeline is critical—especially if you're trying to push back on a delayed NJP.

EXAMPLE: HOW A FIELD GRADE ARTICLE 15 PLAYS OUT

An E5 in the Army is accused of missing movement. He’s offered a field grade Article 15 with a recommendation of ½ pay x 2 months and a reduction to E4.

With counsel, the soldier reviews the charge, notices the DA Form 4856 was unsigned, and that the initial counseling was done by someone outside his chain of command.

During the hearing, this is raised with supporting documentation. The commander imposes forfeiture only, suspends the rank reduction, and leaves a written reprimand in the local file—not permanent record.

Outcome: not perfect, but a career preserved.

JORDAN’S ARMY NJP APPROACH

Joseph L. Jordan is not just a former Army JAG. He also served as a combat arms officer and enlisted soldier. He knows how Article 15 works in the Army—not just in theory, but in briefing rooms, on post, and under real command pressure.

Our approach in Army NJP defense includes:

Evaluating the legality and completeness of evidence
Preparing written rebuttals and response packets
Coaching on in-person hearings
Appealing unlawful or excessive punishments
Advising on long-term consequences, including separation risk

Whether you’re stationed at Fort Cavazos, JBLM, or deployed abroad, we know how to protect your record—and your future.

Need to understand how Article 15 works across branches?
Visit the main NJP page here to compare how different services handle non-judicial punishment.

📞 Facing Article 15 in the Army? Know your options before you sign.
Call (866) 624-7503 to speak with military attorney Joseph L. Jordan. Whether you’re considering NJP or already under its weight, we’re ready to help you push back—with clarity and control.